Title: The Gooch Periodic Table of the Elements based on the Physical Geometry of Geometrically Constructed Atomic Nuclei vs. The Periodic Table of the Elements based on Atomic Weight in the case of the non-linearity of the Aufbau principle in predicting atomic orbitals and correction of the table.
Author: Todd Gooch, Theoretical Chemist
Abstract: Scrutiny of the prediction of atomic orbitals predicted by the Aufbau principle shows non-linearity in the fourth period and above beginning with Chromium which is predicted to have configuration [Ar] 3d4 4s2 but has been experimentally found to have a different electronic configuration. Hybridization theory was developed to cope with the non-linearity, and in the case of Chromium an electronic configuration of [Ar] 3d5 4s1 is used. Other atoms exhibit this non-linearity throughout the rest of the periodic table such as Copper, Niobium, Cerium, and Gadolinium to name but a few. Since the Aufbau principle fails to properly predict atomic orbitals and a stop-gap measure theory of hybridization of orbitals had to be implemented to deal with the failure, the theory behind prediction of atomic orbitals is flawed by definition. Pretty much, the standard model theory behind the filling of orbitals is defined by and limited to the use of the aufbau table (1s2, 2s2, 2p6,... etc.) - a table that is known to have experimental deviation from it.
Gravitational Unit Theory has led to the development of The Gooch Periodic Table of the Elements based on the Physical Geometry of Geometrically Constructed Atomic Nuclei which contradicts the need for hybridization theory at all and shows complete linearity throughout the table in predicting atomic orbitals, thereby correcting the table! All of my electronic configurations are linear while the standard model table has experimentally determined non-linearity in the fourth period which affects every single element after the fourth period. Further, my table is based on my detailed careful observations while the standard model theory is only based on a non-linear, flawed, incorrect table!
Text: Long has it been known that the Aufbau principle fails to correctly predict the electronic configuration of the atoms. Since such electronic configurations are so basic to the study of chemistry, all branches of chemistry, and are found in introductory high school and freshman texts as well as used in advanced courses, a deeper understanding of predicting electronic configurations benefits a wide range of people.
Flaws in the standard model such as, but not limited to, the failure of the Aufbau principle to correctly predict electronic configurations is what has motivated this work. It is the identification and correction of such flaws which makes this work so very important to the study of chemistry and other scientific disciplines such as physics.
Using the basic tenets of Gravitational Unit Theory, The Gooch Periodic Table of the Elements based on the Physical Geometry of Geometrically Constructed Atomic Nuclei was constructed. While the extensive geometrical work required to complete the entire table became too time intensive, all of the noble gas elements – which truly define the table – up to Radon and the organics were completely constructed. It was from the detailed observations of these constructions and extrapolations from the observations of these constructions – most notably elements 87 through118, but also many of the inorganics - that the information presented here was collected.
I have named the 118th element Goochium on my periodic table as I am the first person to have discovered its correct electronic structure. I believe I discerned the structure earlier in the same year than the group who synthesized it in the lab and deserve to name it by convention. The complete Gooch Periodic Table and copyright documentation may be found in the links to the left.
Atom Gravitational Unit Theory
Electronic Structure
Period 1
Hydrogen 1s1
Helium 1s2
Period 2
Lithium [He] 2s1
Beryllium [He] 2s2
Boron [He] 2s2 2p1
Carbon [He] 2s2 2p2
Nitrogen [He] 2s2 2p3
Oxygen [He] 2s2 2p4
Fluorine [He] 2s2 2p5
Neon [He] 2s2 2p6
Period 3
Sodium [Ne] 3s1
Magnesium [Ne] 3s2
Aluminum [Ne] 3s2 3p1
Silicon [Ne] 3s2 3p2
Phosphorous [Ne] 3s2 3p3
Sulphur [Ne] 3s2 3p4
Chlorine [Ne] 3s2 3p5
Argon [Ne] 3s2 3p6
Period 4
Potassium [Ar] 3d1
Calcium [Ar] 3d2
Scandium [Ar] 3d3
Titanium [Ar] 3d4
Vanadium [Ar] 3d5
Chromium [Ar] 3d6
Manganese [Ar] 3d7
Iron [Ar] 3d8
Cobalt [Ar] 3d9
Nickel [Ar] 3d10
Copper [Ar] 3d11
Zinc [Ar] 3d12
Gallium [Ar] 3d12 4p1
Germanium [Ar] 3d12 4p2
Arsenic [Ar] 3d12 4p3
Selenium [Ar] 3d12 4p4
Bromine [Ar] 3d12 4p5
Krypton [Ar] 3d12 4p6
Period 5
Rubidium [Kr] 4d1
Strontium [Kr] 4d2
Yttrium [Kr] 4d3
Zirconium [Kr] 4d4
Niobium [Kr] 4d5
Molybdenum [Kr] 4d6
Technetium [Kr] 4d7
Ruthenium [Kr] 4d8
Rhodium [Kr] 4d9
Palladium [Kr] 4d10
Silver [Kr] 4d11
Cadmium [Kr] 4d12
Indium [Kr] 4d12 5p1
Tin [Kr] 4d12 5p2
Antimony [Kr] 4d12 5p3
Tellurium [Kr] 4d12 5p4
Iodine [Kr] 4d12 5p5
Xenon [Kr] 4d12 5p6
Period 6
Cesium [Xe] 4s1
Barium [Xe] 4s2
Lanthanum [Xe] 4s2 4f1
Cerium [Xe] 4s2 4f2
Praseodymium [Xe] 4s2 4f3
Neodymium [Xe] 4s2 4f4
Promethium [Xe] 4s2 4f5
Samarium [Xe] 4s2 4f6
Europium [Xe] 4s2 4f7
Gadolinium [Xe] 4s2 4f8
Terbium [Xe] 4s2 4f9
Dysprosium [Xe] 4s2 4f10
Holmium [Xe] 4s2 4f11
Erbium [Xe] 4s2 4f12
Thulium [Xe] 4s2 4f13
Ytterbium [Xe] 4s2 4f14
Lutetium [Xe] 4s2 4f15
Hafnium [Xe] 4s2 4f16
Tantalum [Xe] 4s2 4f17
Tungsten [Xe] 4s2 4f18
Rhenium [Xe] 4s2 4f19
Osmium [Xe] 4s2 4f20
Iridium [Xe] 4s2 4f21
Platinum [Xe] 4s2 4f22
Gold [Xe] 4s2 4f23
Mercury [Xe] 4s2 4f24
Thallium [Xe] 4s2 4f24 6p1
Lead [Xe] 4s2 4f24 6p2
Bismuth [Xe] 4s2 4f24 6p3
Polonium [Xe] 4s2 4f24 6p4
Astatine [Xe] 4s2 4f24 6p5
Radon [Xe] 4s2 4f24 6p6
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